The new variant of COVID-19, called JN.1, is causing concern among scientists due to its ability to selectively target the intestines of infected individuals. Although there is limited evidence to support this theory, researchers have observed that the virus has evolved, changing its requirements for cell entry, potentially leading to more effective infection of specific tissues, including the intestines.
JN.1 has been classified as the most rapidly emerging variant in the past two years. Its high infectivity and ability to evade the immune response have led some experts to propose giving it a distinct Greek name to differentiate it from the highly contagious Omicron variant.
According to Stuart Turville, a virologist from the University of New South Wales, the mode of entry of JN.1 differs significantly from what was observed in 2020, making it a major topic of current discussions. The World Health Organization has recognized JN.1 as a variant of concern due to its rapid spread and potential to contribute to respiratory burdens in the northern hemisphere.
The variant originated from the mutated BA.2.86 or Pirola variant, which appeared in August. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have reported that a significant mutation within Pirola led to the emergence of JN.1, increasing its abilities in transmission and immune evasion.
JN.1 is spreading more and more, and COVID-19 hospitalizations are rapidly increasing in the United States. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention express concerns about the impact of low vaccination rates and potential strain on the healthcare system during the winter period.
Wastewater analyses have shown a significant increase in the detectability of JN.1 in many countries, including Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, and Singapore. Although the presence of this variant in wastewater suggests wide community spread, there is currently no evidence that more frequent or intense intestinal infections lead to increased transmission of the virus in fecal matter.
Further research is necessary to determine the severity of the disease caused by JN.1. Emergency room visits and medical data may provide information on the impact of this variant on infected individuals. Researchers are also investigating the possibility of JN.1’s association with the gastrointestinal system, although this is not yet clear.
The coronavirus has demonstrated its ability to infect the intestines, and since the emergence of the Omicron variant, a shift towards lower lung infections has been observed. The exact reasons for these changes in the virus’s behavior are not yet fully understood.
While JN.1 may slightly alter disease patterns, it is evident that the virus has taken a new pathway for cell entry. This variant shows a strong affinity for the uncut form of the ACE-2 surface protein, unlike previous versions that preferred the cleaved form.
As the scientific community works to better understand JN.1, they will focus on discovering the tissue niches it now attacks and inhabits. This knowledge will be crucial in formulating public health measures and developing effective countermeasures against this concerning COVID-19 variant.
The source of the article is from the blog papodemusica.com